ngā purongo

Te Mea Ngaro ki te Kounga Rino o te Peihana: Ngā Tohu Mahi Matua me ngā Koha Noa

 

Hei wāhanga nui o ngā pūnaha mīhini, ko te mahi me te roa o te ora o te hurihuringā peerae whakawhirinaki nui ana ki te kounga o te maitai whāriki e hangaia ai. Hei whakarite i te mahi pumau i raro i ngā kawenga teitei me ngā tere teitei, ka whakatakotoria ngā whakaritenga hangarau tino pakari ki runga i te maitai.

 

I. Ngā Whakaritenga Mahi Matua mōTe whāngaiRino

 

Teitei o te Parakore me te Ihirangi Parakore Iti

 

Ko ngā whakaurunga kore-whakarewa i roto i te maitai (pērā i ngā waikura me ngā whanariki) te pūtake o ngā kapiti ngenge. Nō reira, ko ngā maitai peera hou e whakamahi ana i ngā tukanga whakamahine pērā i te tango hau korehau me te whakarewa anō i te para hiko hei whakaiti i te ihirangi whanariki, te whākawa, me te hau, kia pai ake ai te ōritetanga o ngā rauemi me te kaha ngenge.

 

Te Mana Whakahaere Matū Tika

 

Auahate whārikiKo te maitai he maitai chromium waro-teitei te nuinga (pērā i te GCr15). Me whakapūmau tōna ihirangi waro i waenga i te 0.95% me te 1.05%, ā, me whakahaere tōna ihirangi chromium i waenga i te 1.30% me te 1.65%. Mā te taurite tika ka whakarite he hanganga martensitic pakeke-teitei me ngā carbide pai kua tohatohahia kia ōrite i muri i te tinei, ka hoatu ki te rauemi he ātete pai ki te kakahu me te pēhanga.

 

Te ōritetanga o te hanganga moroiti me ngā taumata hapa iti

 

Me kore te hanganga iti e kitea he wehewehenga here, he hanganga Widmanstätten, he waroiti whatunga rānei. Ko te hanganga iti tino pai kua tineihia, kua whakamaroketia ko te martensite cryptocrystalline + ngā waroiti marara pai + he nui te austenite e puritia ana kia tika ai ngā āhuatanga miihini whānui.

 

Te Tika o te Mata me te Ahu

 

Me kore he hapa o te mata maitai pērā i ngā kapiti, ngā kopa, me ngā whara, ā, me noho te hohonutanga o te paparanga kua tangohia te waro i roto i te awhe kua tohua (te tikanga ≤0.20mm). Hei tāpiri, ka pā tika ngā ātete ā-ahu me te tika o te āhua ki te pai o te tukatuka me te hua o muri mai.

 

II. Ngā Hapa Whakarewa Noa me ō rātou Pānga: Te Nui rawa o ngā Whakaurunga Kore-Whakarewa

 

Ka taea e ngā mea nunui, pakarukaru (pērā i te Al₂O₃) te whakaputa i ngā kapiti moroiti ki ngā wāhi kukū ahotea, ā, ka tino whakaiti i te roa o te ora o te ngenge pa.

 

Te hanganga kāpirati kore taurite: Mā te whakarewanga kore tika, te tukatuka wera rānei ka hua ake te kohikohinga o ngā kāpirati ki roto i ngā here, i ngā whatunga rānei, ka ngoikore ai te kaha o te rohe kōpaka, ka piki ake ai te tūponotanga o te pakarukaru.

 

Ngā hapa o te mata: Ki te kore e tangohia wawetia ngā kapiti me ngā kopa e puta mai ana i te wā hurihuri, ka horapa pea i te wā e whakamahanatia ana, ka waiho te mea mahi hei para.

 

Te tango waro hohonu rawa: Ko te hekenga o te ihirangi waro o te mata ka hua ake te kore e ranea te pakeke o te tinei me te hekenga o te ātete kakahu, ka pā ki te tika me te roa o te ora o te peera.

 

Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te whanaketanga me te whakaputanga o te maitai whāriki kounga teitei te hua o te whakaurunga tahi o ngā tukanga whakarewa, te pūtaiao rauemi, me te hanga tika. Mai i te whakahaere i te parakore o te maitai i te pūtake ki te aroturuki i te whanaketanga hanganga moroiti puta noa i te tukanga katoa, he mea nui ia taahiraa ki te pono o te hua whakamutunga. I te heke mai, i te mea kei te tono tonu ngā taputapu kounga teitei i te mahi teitei ake mai i ngā whāriki, ka haere tonu ngā rauemi hou pēnei i te maitai tino ma me te maitai whāriki pāmahana teitei ki te akiaki i te ahunga whakamua o te umanga.