He aha ngā paerewa ANSI, ISO, ME ASTM mō ngā peera?

Ko ngā paerewa hangarau, pērā i ngā paerewa ASTM mō ngā peera e tohu ana ko tēhea tunu maitai hei whakamahi, ka āwhina i ngā kaihanga ki te hanga i tētahi hua ōrite.

 

Mena kua rapu koe i ngā peera i runga ipurangi, kua kitea pea e koe ngā whakaahuatanga hua e pā ana ki te tutuki i ngā paerewa ANSI, ISO, ASTM rānei. E mōhio ana koe he tohu kounga ngā paerewa – engari nā wai i hanga, ā, he aha te tikanga o aua paerewa?

 

Ka āwhina ngā paerewa hangarau i ngā kaihanga me ngā kaihoko. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihanga ēnei hei hanga me te whakamātautau i ngā rauemi me ngā hua i te huarahi tino ōrite. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihoko ēnei hei whakarite kia whiwhi rātou i te kounga, ngā whakatakotoranga, me te mahi i tonoa e rātou.

 

NGĀ PAEREWA ANSI

Kei Washington, DC te tari matua o te American National Standards Institute, arā, ko ANSI. Kei roto i ōna mema ngā rōpū o te ao, ngā tari kāwanatanga, ngā whakahaere, me ngā tāngata takitahi. I whakatūria i te tau 1918 hei American Engineering Standards Committee i te wā i huihui ai ngā mema o te United Engineering Society me ngā Tari Pakanga, Navy, me Commerce a te kāwanatanga o Amerika ki te hanga i tētahi whakahaere paerewa.

Kāore a ANSI e waihanga i ngā paerewa hangarau. Engari, ka tirotirohia e ia ngā paerewa o Amerika, ā, ka whakaritea ki ngā paerewa o te ao. Ka whakamanahia e ia ngā paerewa o ētahi atu whakahaere, me te whakarite kia whakaae te katoa o te umanga ki te pānga o tētahi paerewa ki ā rātou hua me ā rātou tukanga. Ka whakamanahia e ANSI ngā paerewa e whakaarohia ana e ia he tika, he tuwhera hoki.

Nā ANSI i āwhina te whakatū i te Whakahaere Paerewa o te Ao (ISO). Koinei te māngai mana o ISO mō te Hononga o Amerika.

He rau ngā paerewa e pā ana ki te peera-pōro a ANSI.

 

NGĀ PAEREWA ISO

E whakaahua ana te Whakahaere Paerewa o te Ao (ISO) o Huiterangi i ana paerewa hei "tātai e whakaahua ana i te huarahi pai ki te mahi i tetahi mea." He whakahaere motuhake, ehara i te kāwanatanga te ISO, e hanga ana i ngā paerewa o te ao. E 167 ngā whakahaere paerewa ā-motu, pērā i te ANSI, he mema nō ISO. I whakatūria a ISO i te tau 1947, whai muri i te huihuinga o ngā māngai mai i te 25 whenua ki te whakamahere i te heke mai o te paerewa o te ao. I te tau 1951, i hangaia e ISO tana paerewa tuatahi, ISO/R 1:1951, i whakatau i te pāmahana tohutoro mō ngā ine roa ahumahi. Mai i taua wā, kua hangaia e ISO tata ki te 25,000 ngā paerewa mō ngā tukanga, hangarau, ratonga, me ngā ahumahi katoa e taea te whakaaro. Ka āwhina ana paerewa i ngā pakihi ki te whakanui ake i te kounga, te pumau, me te haumaru o ā rātou hua me ngā mahi mahi. He huarahi paerewa ISO anō hoki mō te hanga tī!

E tata ana ki te 200 ngā paerewa whāriki a ISO. E rau ngā paerewa kē atu (pērā i ērā mō te maitai me te uku) e pā ā-korekore ana ki ngā whāriki.

 

NGĀ PAEREWA ASTM

Ko te tikanga o ASTM ko te American Society for Testing and Materials, engari ko te whakahaere kei Pennsylvania ināianei ko ASTM International. E tautuhi ana i ngā paerewa hangarau mō ngā whenua o te ao.

I ahu mai a ASTM i ngā ara rerewē o te Huringa Ahumahi. Nā te koretake o ngā ara rerewē rino i pakaru ai ngā ara tereina o mua. I te tau 1898, i whakatūria e te kaimātai matū a Charles Benjamin Dudley a ASTM me tētahi rōpū miihini me ngā kaipūtaiao hei kimi i tētahi otinga mō tēnei raruraru morearea. I hangaia e rātou he huinga paerewa mō te rino rerewē. Neke atu i te 125 tau mai i tōna tīmatanga, kua tautuhia e ASTM neke atu i te 12,500 ngā paerewa mō te tini o ngā hua, ngā rauemi, me ngā tukanga i roto i ngā ahumahi mai i ngā konganuku mata me te hinu ki ngā hua kaihoko.

Ka taea e te katoa te whakauru atu ki te ASTM, mai i ngā mema o te umanga ki ngā tohunga mātauranga me ngā kaitohutohu. Ka hangaia e te ASTM he paerewa whakaae ā-tūao. Ka tae ngā mema ki tētahi whakaaetanga ā-rōpū (whakaaetanga) mō te āhua o tētahi paerewa. Kei te wātea ngā paerewa mā te tangata, mā te pakihi rānei, kia whakamahia (ā-tūao) hei ārahi i ā rātou whakataunga.

Neke atu i te 150 ngā paerewa me ngā pepa huihuinga e pā ana ki te peera-pōro a ASTM.

 

Mā ngā paerewa ANSI, ISO, me ASTM koe e āwhina ki te hoko i ngā peera pai rawa atu

Mā ngā paerewa hangarau ka mōhio koe me te kaihanga peera e kōrero ana i te reo kotahi. Ina kite koe he mea hanga te peera mai i te maitai chrome SAE 52100, ka taea e koe te tirotiro i te paerewa ASTM A295 kia kitea ai te āhua o te hanganga o te maitai me ngā kai kei roto. Mena ka kī te kaihanga ko ana peera roera whakarara ko ngā inenga kua tohua e te ISO 355:2019, ka mōhio koe ki te rahi ka riro i a koe. Ahakoa he tino hangarau ngā paerewa hangarau, he taputapu nui ēnei mō te kōrero ki ngā kaiwhakarato me te mārama ki te kounga me ngā whakaritenga o ngā wāhanga ka hokona e koe.Mō ētahi atu kōrero, tirohia mai tā mātou paetukutuku: www.cwlbearing.com